Abstract:
Job insecurity is a problem that affects not only Sri Lanka but people worldwide. Job insecurity among
operational-level employees in the garment industry is a critical concern. Within the theoretical frameworks of
Social Exchange Theory (SET) and Social Cognitive Theory (SCT), the current study examined the factors
affecting job insecurity and their impact on it. This research considers a sample of 355 operational-level employees
working in the apparel manufacturing industries of Biyagama Processing Zone, Sri Lanka. The instruments with
acceptable reliability and validity properties measured the study variables. Abusive supervision, work stress,
technological changes, and job insecurity were scaled on a 5-point Likert scale, and data was collected by
distributing a structured questionnaire. All collected data are analyzed using descriptive and multivariate
analytical statistical tools in SPSS. The findings showed that abusive supervision, work stress, and technological
changes significantly affect job insecurity, with abusive supervision being the most influential and technological
changes the least. Results imply the urgency of prioritizing the focus on these factors, which can guide HR policies
and organizational strategies to create healthier and more secure work environments.
